I've been working on a Raman spectroscopy setup in my shop for a while, and was finally able to collect some real, verifiable data this evening. Raman Spectroscopy is a technique where light is directed toward a target, and the reflected light is color-shifted by the size and type of the molecular bonds in the target. This is a non-destructive way to determine an object's molecular structure. The problem is that the color-shifted light is many, many times weaker than the non-color-shifted light. A Raman spectroscopy setup compensates for this, and allows meaningful data to be collected.