How anti-theft tags work - magnetostriction

Anti-theft tags contain a tiny mechanical oscillator that is activated by a magnetic field.  The detectors at a shop's doorway can detect the oscillation magnetically. The tag can be activated and deactivated by magnetizing or demagnetizing it, respectively.

Support Applied Science: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Special thanks for your support:
Matthew Hill
Erik Saathoff
Max Loutzenheiser
(better credits titlescreen in the next video!)


Sources:

http://www.metglas.com/products/magnetic_materials/2826mb.asp

https://www.google.com/patents/WO1999013442A1?cl=en&dq=magnetostrictive+marker&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjT8bCCtLLJAhVP9GMKHYThCY8Q6AEIMjAD

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2008032274A2/en?q=magnetostrictive&q=amorphous&q=theft

https://www.google.com/patents/US4510489?dq=4,510,489&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi0x_SosbLJAhVJyWMKHbl_AI4Q6AEIHDAA

https://www.google.com/patents/US4298862

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetostriction

Your toothbrush is worn-out!

See how your trusty toothbrush becomes worn out.

Special thanks to Harri Lähteenmäki  and Johannes S. Zwilling for sending me the smooth zoom footage of the tungsten filament, and showing me how to use After Effects to get a much better effect.  I really appreciate it!  http://www.videocopilot.net/tutorials/earth_zoom/

Support Applied Science: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Macrophotgraphy with a microscope objective: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVSjUW2qQ6U

Ruby laser (and other projects) follow-up

The 8KJ ruby laser in action!  Also, see some other Applied Science projects and what is coming next.

NightHawkInLight on youtube:  https://www.youtube.com/user/Nighthawkinlight

Ben on Embedded.fm: http://embedded.fm/episodes/119

Ruby Laser design process:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSdUQ4oNKiI

Cookie Perfection machine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YEdHjGMeho

DIY SEM:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdjYVF4a6iU

Support Applied Science on Patreon:  https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Smooth zoom video from SEM

I manually interpolated the sequence from about 15 single frames from the SEM.  Smooth zooming is not possible on the instrument natively.

How to choose a cleaning solution

A general overview of cleaning solvents and techniques.

Solvent selection and effectiveness:  http://www.productionmachining.com/articles/selecting-solvents-for-precision-cleaning

Dan Gelbart on coatings and surface cleaning:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7onZGqrYyY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauri-butanol_value

http://cool.conservation-us.org/coolaic/sg/bpg/annual/v03/bp03-04.html

Drill Bit in Electron Microscope

This video shows a microcontroller-based image capture system that makes it easier for me to record animations with my scanning electron microscope.

Support Applied Science videos: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

The Teensy microcontroller: https://www.pjrc.com/store/teensylc.html

Arduino firmware: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4YXWiqYWB99bHd5ekVjeS1VZDQ/view?usp=sharing&resourcekey=0-NWyz_JvmbNTKCjL7rjpQhg

Download Processing.org script for viewing image on PC
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4YXWiqYWB99TTlBdHI2TFRQS2M/view?usp=sharing&resourcekey=0-_-TG-xuH5Bf-2bzi9p4pjA

Control light with heat and magnets (Magneto-optical Kerr effect)

Learn how magneto-optical storage discs work, and see how a focused laser can directly alter a material's optical characteristics.

Support Applied Science: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Background sources:

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=E5B999706AB03703B56466094A7B079B?doi=10.1.1.84.4693&rep=rep1&type=pdf

https://books.google.com/books?id=RVqeAGKkesEC&pg=PA387&lpg=PA387&dq=cesb+kerr+rotation+euse+euo&source=bl&ots=_vemqlKPhl&sig=dbloCjnRF6qkDY0eMIR94TpTeTk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAWoVChMIw8H2l7idxwIVhqWICh3Y-gov#v=onepage&q=cesb%20kerr%20rotation%20euse%20euo&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=U57RpAaMKgAC&pg=SA2-PA26&lpg=SA2-PA26&dq=magneto+optical+disc+kerr+gauss+constant&source=bl&ots=l-iqbQtogI&sig=nPqEWFlWYilHKmzo81Sva5LB3Lo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBWoVChMIh8vX_YudxwIVyT6ICh06-g3R#v=onepage&q=magneto%20optical%20disc%20kerr%20gauss%20constant&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=e4ntCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA586&lpg=PA586&dq=kerr+rotation+magneto+optical+storage+layer&source=bl&ots=5zOkDcsIyq&sig=-HBUsD5P4s9954jTEbh-syMTLjc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBWoVChMImLrd2ZadxwIVVymICh1yXAIL#v=onepage&q=kerr%20rotation%20magneto%20optical%20storage%20layer&f=false

http://www.study-on-line.co.uk/whoami/thesis/chap2.html

Control light with magnets and olive oil?! (Faraday effect)

See how olive oil and magnets can control the brightness of light via the Faraday effect.
Get your iron-on Applied Science logo here: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Measure Verdet constant of olive oil: http://www.sestindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Volume-2Number-3PP-362-368.pdf

Plastic film polarizers: http://www.apioptics.com/linear-polarizers-spec.html

Faraday effect: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_effect

Liquid Nitrogen Generator - Overview

This liquid nitrogen generator uses a Stirling-cycle cryocooler that was pulled from a cellular phone tower.  It was used to cool a superconducting RF filter that aids cell communications.  The cryocooler is able to pump enough heat away from its cold end that air will liquify and drip into a vacuum flask for storage.

Jeri's video at Maker Faire 2010: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14B8LynojI4

Tools and Tips #2 from Applied Science

Check out the iron-on Applied Science logos and support the channel: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

High-res CD, DVD, Blu-ray image: http://benkrasnow.blogspot.com/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/BenKrasnow

Digital angle gauge: http://www.amazon.com/Wixey-WR300-Digital-Angle-Gauge/dp/B001PTGBRQ

Pipe thread sealants: http://www.mcmaster.com/#pipe-thread-sealants/=xu9uy5

NPT vs NPTF: http://www.cutting-tool-supply.com/TechTips/Tapping/NPTvsNPTF/NPTVsNPTF.htm

Surebonder hot glue gun: http://www.amazon.com/Surebonder-PRO2-100-100-Watt-Temperature-Industrial/dp/B006IY359K/
Black hot glue: www.amazon.com/190mm-Length-Soldering-Black-Sticks/dp/B00OKDWWFY/

Magnetic viewer film - http://www.amazon.com/CMS-Magnetics%C2%AE-Green-Magnetic-Viewing/dp/B000UV6ZPS/

Electrical outlet tester: www.amazon.com/Sperry-Instruments-GFI6302-Outlet-Tester/dp/B000RUL2UU/

Tube cutter shears: http://www.mcmaster.com/#3095a16/=xu9sg0

Switch contact burnisher: http://pinballmagic.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=86

Pin vise for drill chuck: http://www.mcmaster.com/#30505a5/=xu9rna

Gray lab coat: http://www.justlabcoats.com/ProductShopping.aspx?scode=RE-KT30CH

Support Applied Science on Patron, and receive your own iron-on logo

I'd like to thank my Pateron supporters by offering a reward for those who donate at the $3/video level or higher.  I'll send you an iron-on Applied Science logo that you can apply to your own lab coat or other clothing.

https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Electron microscope slow-motion video of vinyl LP

I describe how I made a stop motion animation of a phonograph needle in an LP groove using an electron microscope.  I also show electron micrographs of other recording media.
Support Applied Science: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

The physics of floating screwdrivers

I explain how a jet of air can float a common screwdriver.

Plans to make your own fluid turbulence disc: http://makezine.com/projects/rheoscopic-coffee-table/

Support more Applied Science videos: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Nighthawkinlight's video about floating screwdrivers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fceUcRfbCcQ

Shrinking paper money with ammonia

Support Applied Science on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

As a follow-up to my previous video on bending wood, I show how ammonia can shrink paper money.  The money is dipped into liquid anhydrous ammonia, then dried, and the process is repeated about a dozen times.  As the money dries, it shrinks due to the surface tension of the boiling/evaporating ammonia.

Video on bending wood:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Z0SsAyHKzc
Making aerogel:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X24np30GS2o

Extreme wood bending with ammonia

Bending wood with ammonia is not really DIY, but I show the process, which is extremely effective.  There is also a commercial product that is pre-treated flexible wood, which hardens after being clamped in the desired shape.

http://boingboing.net/2011/05/06/inventables.html
Hmm, it seems the product may no longer be available -- I can't find it at Inventables.
https://www.inventables.com

Pre-treated flexible wood product patent:
https://www.google.com/patents/US5360631

Distilling pure anhydrous ammonia

I have a few upcoming projects that require anhydrous ammonia. In this video, I show how to distill it from "ammonia water" similar to common glass cleaner.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch_reduction
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/ammonia-pressure-temperature-d_361.html

Magnetic Propulsion

This is a neat little demo that shows how permanent magnets can be used to create propulsion along a conductive copper track

How Digital Light Processing (DLP) works

Digital Light Processing projectors use a chip that is covered with tiny mirrors that tilt back and forth. When the mirror is tilted one way, it reflects light out through the front of the projector, creating a bright pixel. When the mirror is tilted the other way, the pixel is dark. In this video, I explain how DLP works and show a macro-scale model.

Review of National Instruments VirtualBench

The VirtualBench is an all-in-one piece of electronic test gear that combines an oscilloscope, logic analyzer, function generator, DMM, triple output programmable power supply, and an 8-channel digital I/O bus.  It can be controlled with a dedicated NI app, or programmatically controlled with LabView or C.  I show the device's usage and duggest which situations may benefit from using this device.

The science of wineglass tears (or wine legs)

The surface tension of water and the evaporation of ethanol produce an interesting effect in a wineglass known as "tears" or "legs".  The process is caused by the Marangoni effect, which explains how toy soap boats work among other interesting things.

Tools and Tips #1 from Applied Science

I present some of my favorite tools and techniques from the workshop.
https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience - Support Applied Science

Cable tie gun - www.mcmaster.com 5401T11

Devcon plastic welder - http://www.amazon.com/Devcon-22045-Plastic-Welder-Dev-Tube/dp/B003NUGL9S/

E6000 adhesive - http://www.amazon.com/E6000%C2%AE-Craft-Adhesive-3-7-oz/dp/B007TSYNG8

3M DP-8005 - www.mcmaster.com 7467A32

Ikea lamp - http://www.ikea.com/us/en/catalog/products/20169658/

Well nuts - www.mcmaster.com 93495A130

Irwin tap wrench sockets - http://www.amazon.com/Hanson-3095001-2-Piece-Adjustable-Socket/dp/B000TGM7HY/

Double-sided tape - http://www.findtape.com/product190/Permacel-P-02-Double-Coated-Kraft-Paper-Tape.aspx

Gaffers tape - http://www.findtape.com/category/gaffers-tape-rolls-of-industrial-gaffer-tape.aspx

Drill bits for plastic - http://www.mcmaster.com/#plastic-cutting-drill-bits/=vtpc4m

Covert radio pen with bone conduction speaker

https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience ---- Donate here!
I built a tiny radio into a ballpoint pen that allows the user to hear audio by casually biting the pen.

How a horn amplifies sound (hint: Impedance matching)

A horn-shaped speaker is louder than an equivalent speaker without the horn.  This fact doesn't violate physics because the horn is acting as a matching device between the speaker and the air around it.

Photo Credit for phonograph: Norman Bruderhofer,  Collection of John Lampert-Hopkins