Make vacuum pre-loaded spherical air bearings without special tools

A new technique to make graphite air bearings without precision tooling. I show how to make spherical, cylindrical, and flat bearings that are also vacuum pre-loaded, meaning the bearing is captive.

David Preiss' excellent video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuzoEe_ykmM

10mm thick graphite sheet: https://www.amazon.com/Graphite-Smooth-Polished-Surface-200MMx100MMx10MM/dp/B07S2RDQ6P

2" ball bearing: https://www.amazon.com/Inch-Chrome-Steel-Bearing-Ball/dp/B0074VCP8S

Small 10-32 hose barb fitting: https://www.mcmaster.com/5047k11 Linear bearing shaft: https://www.mcmaster.com/6061k35

Fusion360 CAD files: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1fj6zJ9GlZ07WB6jVrltPNsvqsU06qTAP?usp=sharing

12x18 granite surface plate: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LWBEEH8

Applied Science on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

DIY mass spectrometer measures potassium in dietary salt substitute

How to build and operate a simple mass spectrometer. Please ask questions in the comments, as always.

Scientific American article: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-amateur-scientist-1970-07/  $7.99 is a good value for the entire back issue in plain PDF format, and an example of a publisher being reasonable.   I'm happy to support this.

Original Dewdney paper: https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1969211

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_potassium
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization_energy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_ionization
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroradius

https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezME4_xMMnk

Teardown of a "date back" or "data back" camera and description of how it works: A micro LCD projector with incandescent light bulb! https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

Cryogenic treatment of drill bits: tested 2X lifetime and microstructure analysis

I bought some HSS stub drills, and treated half of them with liquid nitrogen, which improved their wear resistance dramatically. I also look at the change in microstructure with an electron microscope.

Performance of cryogenically treated M35 HSS drills - http://sci-hub.tw/10.1007/s00170-011-3616-8
Performance of cryogenically treated HSS tools - http://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.wear.2006.01.017
Effects of Cryogenic Treatment on the Strength
Properties - http://sci-hub.tw/10.1088/1757-899X/229/1/012014

LN2 generator video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PWESWqhD8s
Heat treatment of steel video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulfCxDsVTWo

Source of drill bits: https://www.mcmaster.com/catalog/125/2508

Temperature logger (discontinued, unfortunately): https://www.adafruit.com/product/3081

3M fine polishing pads: https://www.amazon.com/Tri-M-Ite-Polishing-Abrasive-Assorted-Sheets/dp/B07CP9CCH4/

Delorean patent on cryogenic torsion bar: https://patents.google.com/patent/US4378658

Steel grain structure inspection, and overall great channel for material analysis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuHofNW40Yw

Steel grain structure video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SIr2sBHxA4


Applied Science on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience

UV laser creates disappearing ink in normal printer paper

Ordinary printer paper is darkened by a high power UV laser, and then the affected area disappears in four minutes!  This is caused by fluorescent brightening agents that are added to printer paper, which are temporarily overloaded by the intense UV light. It seems that oxygen plays a role in this, as hydrogen peroxide applied to the marks cause them to disappear instantly, and prevent them from being formed again by the laser. Performing the experiment in argon appears to slow the disappearing ink effect.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(E)-Stilbene
http://abchemitrans.com/dokumenty/Brochure_OPTICAL_BRIGHTENERS.pdf
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19440049.2014.934302?mobileUi=0&journalCode=tfac20
https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140339462A1


https://www.patreon.com/AppliedScience